Life insurance pays if you die. Disability insurance pays if you are alive and cannot work. For many people in their 30s and 40s, that is the larger financial risk.
How it works
Short-term disability (STD) covers a weeks-to-months gap, often until long-term disability starts. Long-term disability (LTD) is the policy that can pay for years — sometimes to retirement age — if you meet the definition of disability. Own-occupation versus any-occupation language is the clause that decides claims. Benefit amount, elimination period, and whether the policy is individual or group all change the outcome. Employer group LTD is a start. It is often capped, taxable if the employer paid the premium, and not portable if you leave. We quote individual disability for professionals and owners who cannot live on the group benefit, and we look at business overhead or disability buy-out when a firm would stall if an owner could not work.
Who this is for
- Professionals and owners whose income stops if they cannot work
- Employees whose group LTD is too small, too short, or not portable
- Households that could not keep the mortgage on one income through a long illness
- Partners who need a disability trigger inside a buy-sell
What it typically covers
- A monthly benefit if you meet the policy’s definition of disability
- Short-term coverage for a brief gap, long-term coverage for an extended one
- Own-occupation definitions, when the contract includes them
- Optional riders such as residual or cost-of-living, when added
A simple example
A surgeon injures a hand and cannot operate for 18 months. Own-occupation LTD is designed to pay even if they could work in another job. A weak any-occupation definition might not.
Good to know
- Group LTD from work is not the same as an individual policy. Read the definition, the cap, and the tax treatment.
- Waiting periods and pre-existing-condition rules apply. Buy this while you are healthy.
- This is not workers’ compensation. Workers’ comp is for on-the-job injuries; disability is broader.
Coverage, eligibility, premiums, and underwriting vary by age, health, state, and carrier. Illustrations are not guarantees. This is not tax, legal, or investment advice.